It happened today – this day in history – June 1

193: Roman Emperor Didius Julianus is assassinated.

1215: Beijing is captured by the Mongols under Genghis Khan.

1495: First written record of Scotch Whisky appears in Exchequer Rolls of Scotland.

1533: Anne Boleyn is crowned Queen of England.

1670: Charles II and French King Louis XIV sign a secret anti-Dutch treaty.

1676: Allied Danish-Dutch forces defeat the Swedish navy in the Baltic Sea at the Battle of Oland in the Scanian War.

1746: French troops conquer Antwerp.

1792: Kentucky is admitted as 15th US state.

1796: The last British troops withdraw from the US. On the same day, Tennessee is admitted as the 16th US state.

1815: Napoleon Bonaparte swears fidelity to the Constitution of France.

1861: First skirmish in the American Civil War at Fairfax Court House, Virginia.

1862: African Slave Trade Treaty Act: Bilateral treaty between the US and UK abolishing the slave trade in all US possessions.

1868: The Treaty of Bosque Redondo is signed, allowing the Navajos to return to their lands in Arizona and New Mexico.

1869: Thomas Edison is granted his first patent for the Electric Vote Recorder.

1881: Fred Archer wins the Epsom Derby on Iroquois.

1900: The British army occupies Pretoria, South Africa.

1922: The Royal Ulster Constabulary is founded.

1930: Helen Wills Moody wins her third straight French tennis title, beating fellow American Helen Jacobs 6-2, 6-1.

1933: Charlie Chaplin marries Paulette Goddard.

1935: The driving test and license plates are introduced in England.

1943: Germany shoots down a civilian flight from Lisbon to London. No one survives.

1962: Adolf Eichmann is is executed in Israel after being found guilty of war crimes.

1966: During a 12 hour session at Abbey Road studios, The Beatles added overdubs to ‘Yellow Submarine’, with John Lennon blowing bubbles in a bucket of water and shouting “Full speed ahead Mister Captain!” Roadie Mal Evans played a bass drum strapped to his chest, marching around the studio with the band following behind in line singing the chorus.

1967: The release date in the UK for Sgt Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band, although it had already been available unofficially for five days.

1971: The two-room shack in Tupelo, Mississippi, where Elvis Presley was born opens as a tourist attraction.

1972: West German police arrest Red Army Faction leader Andreas Baader.

1973: Soft Machine drummer Robert Wyatt broke his spine after attempting to leave a party by climbing down a drainpipe and falling three stories. The accident left him wheelchair-bound.

1975: Ronnie Wood replaces Mick Taylor in The Rolling Stones on his 28^th birthday.

1976: Britain and Iceland end the “cod war”.

1978: David Gower makes his Test debut against Pakistan in Birmingham.

1991: Former member of The Temptations, David Ruffin, died of a cocaine overdose.

1999: Death of Christopher Cockerell, inventor of the hovercraft, aged 88.

2008: Death of fashion designer Yves Saint Laurent aged 71.

2009: Death of racehorse trainer Vincent O’Brien aged 92.

2017: President Donald Trump announces the US is withdrawing from the Paris Climate Agreement.

2019: Liverpool beats Tottenham, 2-0 to win the Champions League in Madrid.

BIRTHDAYS: Pat Boone, singer, 86; Gerald Scarfe, illustrator, 84; Morgan Freeman, actor, 83; Robert Powell, actor, 76; Brian Cox, actor, 74; Ronnie Wood, guitarist (Rolling Stones) 73; Jonathan Pryce, actor, 73; Tom Robinson, singer/broadcaster, 70; Gemma Craven, actress, 70; Martin Brundle, motor racing commentator, 61; Simon Gallup, bassist (The Cure) 60; Mike Joyce, drummer (The Smiths) 57; Jason Donovan, singer/actor, 52; Damon Minchella, bassist (Ocean Colour Scene) 51; Heidi Klum, model/TV presenter 47; Alanis Morissette, singer/songwriter, 46; Amy Schumer, comedian, 39; Javier Hernandez, footballer, 32; Heloise Letissier (Christine and the Queens), singer/songwriter, 32; Tom Holland, actor, 24.