It happened today – this day in history – July 12

1109: Crusaders capture Tripoli. 1191: Richard I (the Lionheart) and crusaders defeat Saracens in Palestine. 1542: French troops occupy Flanders.

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It happened today – this day in history – June 7

1099: First crusaders arrive in Jerusalem. 1329: Death of Robert the Bruce, king of Scotland. 1494: Spain and Portugal divide

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It happened today – this day in history – March 30

1296: Edward I sacks Berwick-upon-Tweed, during an armed conflict between Scotland and England. 1533: Thomas Cranmer becomes Archbishop of Canterbury.

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It happened today – this day in history – March 23

59AD: Death of Roman Empress Agrippina aged 43 – possibly murdered by her son Nero. 1743: Handel’s oratorio “Messiah” premieres

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It happened today – this day in history – January 20

1265: The first English Parliament summoned other than by royal command (by Simon de Montfort, Earl of Leicester) meets in

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It happened today – this day in history – January 17

1377: Pope Gregory XI moves the Papacy back to Rome from Avignon. 1501: Cesare Borgia returns in triumph to Rome

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It happened today – this day in history – January 7

1536: Catherine of Aragon dies aged 50. 1558: Calais, the last English possession in France, is retaken by the French.

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It happened today – this day in history – December 8

1542: Mary, Queen of Scots is born in Linlithgow Palace, Scotland. 1710: General James Stanhope is captured by French and

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It happened today – this day in history – November 25

1034: Death of Malcolm II, King of Scots. 1500: Governor De Bobadilla of Santo Domingo captures Christopher Columbus. 1741: Elizabeth

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It happened today – this day in history – November 19

1274: The Mongol army lands at Hakata Bay in Japan during their first invasion attempt and are defeated;. A typhoon

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