It happened today – this day in history – July 12

1109: Crusaders capture Tripoli. 1191: Richard I (the Lionheart) and crusaders defeat Saracens in Palestine. 1542: French troops occupy Flanders.

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It happened today – this day in history – July 10

48BC: Julius Caesar barely avoids a catastrophic defeat to Pompey near the city of Dyrrachium (in what is now Albania).

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It happened today – this day in history – June 18

1264: The Parliament of Ireland meets at Castledermot in Co Kildare, the first definitively known meeting of this Irish legislature.

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It happened today – this day in history – June 12

1381: Rebels arrive at Blackheath during the peasants’ revolt 1458: Magdalen College, Oxford is founded by William Waynflete, Bishop of

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It happened today – this day in history – May 29

1176: The Lombard League defeats Emperor Frederick Barbarossa and the Holy Roman Empire at the Battle at Legnano. 1415: Pope

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It happened today – this day in history – April 25

1284: Birth of Edward II at Caernarfon Castle, Wales. 1599: Oliver Cromwell is born in Huntingdon. 1607: The Dutch fleet

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It happened today – this day in history – March 26

127AD: Greek astronomer and mathematician Ptolemy begins his observations of the heavens. 1668: England takes control of Bombay. 1780: The

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It happened today – this day in history – January 3

1431: Joan of Arc is handed over to Bishop Pierre Cauchon. 1496: Leonardo da Vinci unsuccessfully tests a flying machine.

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It happened today – this day in history – December 31

192: Roman emperor Commodus survives a poisoning attempt by his mistress only to be strangled in the bath. 535: Byzantine

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